The Day of Aashura, the tenth day of the Islamic month of Muharram, holds profound significance for Muslims worldwide. It is a day primarily observed through voluntary fasting, a practice rooted in the gratitude shown by Prophet Musa (Moses) for his salvation and that of his people from the tyranny of the Pharaoh.
This blessed day is also an occasion for increased generosity towards one’s family and a time for deep spiritual reflection, distinguishing itself from cultural innovations.
“The day of Ashura is the day of showing gratefulness and asking Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala for victory,” states Sheikh Hashimi Moudjahed, emphasising its core spirit of thankfulness and prayer.
The tradition of fasting on Aashura predates its observance in the Muslim community. Upon arriving in Madinah, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) found the Jewish community fasting on this day. They explained that it was the day Allah saved the Children of Israel from their enemy. In response, the Prophet declared, “We have more claim over Musa than you,” and he proceeded to fast and instructed his followers to do so as well.
The reward for this fast is immense, as it is believed to compensate for the minor sins of the past year.
Sheikh Moudjahed elaborates on the spiritual importance: “Fasting to face the blessings of Allah with shukr [gratitude] to Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala.”
To distinguish the Islamic practice from that of other communities, it is recommended to fast for two days: either the 9th and 10th or the 10th and 11th of Muharram. This act of fasting is a central tenet of the day’s observance.
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Beyond the Fast: Generosity and Historical Context
Beyond fasting, another meritorious act encouraged on the Day of Aashura is to be generous with one’s family. This practice fosters a sense of community and shared blessing.
It is also the day on which the tragic Battle of Karbala occurred, where Husain (RA), the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), was martyred. While this event is a profound moment in Islamic history, the sanctity of Aashura itself was established long before, during the Prophet’s own lifetime. It is crucial to differentiate the established religious virtues of the day — fasting and remembrance of Allah’s favour upon Prophet Musa — from later historical events.
On the correct focus of the day, Sheikh Moudjahed clarifies, “Ashura is to unite us, not disunite us… We don’t make it the day of sadness, of the way of mourning. It’s the day of victory.” He cautions against turning the day into one of excessive mourning or celebration, stating, “We make it the day of Allah subhana wa ta’ala.”
Ultimately, Aashura is a day for Muslims to connect with their history, engage in acts of devotion, and seek closeness to Allah through the established practices of fasting, prayer, and generosity.
Image: Jamiatul Ulama
